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¤S¦]¥L­Ì²ßºD®_±þ¤ûÃ}²½Äm¨¸¯«¡A©Ò¥HÀ³¸Ó¥H¨ä¥L¶©­«ªº¼y¸`¨ú¥N³o¨Ç²ß«U¡A¨Ò¦p¥i¦Ò¼{¦b¤@¨Ç¥L­ÌÁ|¦æ©^Ämªº¸`¤é¡A¨Ñ©^¤w®î¹DªÌªº¸tÅNªº¨üÃø¬ö©À¤é¡AÅý¥L­Ì¥H¾ðªKµ²Àç¡A³ò¶µÛ¥L­Ì¥H¯«¼q¦Ó§ï¦¨ªº¸t°ó¡A¶©­«¦a¼y¯¬³o¨Ç¸`¤é¡C¤£¹L¤£¥i¦A¥H®_±þ¬¹¯b¨Ó©^Äm¨¸Å]¡A¦ý¥i®_±þ¤û°¦³]®b¼y¯¬¥H§@¥úºa¤Ñ¥D¡A¨Ã·PÁ¤ѥD©Ò½à½çªº¤@¤ÁÂצ¬¡C³o¼Ë¥i¥O¥L­Ì«O¥þ¤@¨Ç¥~¦b§Î¦¡ªºº¡¨¬¡A¦Ó¤º¤ßùØ¥ç¥i±o¨É³ß®®¡C


¨ä¹êµL¥iºÃ°Ý¦a¡A¬Oµ´¹ï¤£¥i¯à§¹¥þ¦a¥Ñ¥L­Ìªº®Ú©Ê¤¤§â©Ò¦³´c­®²ß«U²M°£¡A¦p¦P¤@­Ó¤H­n©¹¤W¶]®ÉÀ³¤@¨B¤@¨BªºÁÚ¶i¡A¦Ó¤£¬O¤j¨B¸õ¤W¥h¡C¨ä¹ê¡A¥ç¬O°ò¦¹¦P¼Ë­ì«h¡A¤W¥D¦b®J¤ÎÅã¥Üµ¹¥H¦â¦C¤H®É¡A¥L¦P¼Ë¤]Åý¥L­Ì¥H«ô²½¨¸Å]ªº¬¹¯b²½Äm·q©^¥L¡A¥H§ïÅÜ¥L­Ìªº¤ß¡AÅý¥L­Ì¦bºJ¤U¨¸Å]ªº¦P®É¡A¤´¥i¥H¦P¼Ëªº¤è¦¡·q«ô¯u¤Ñ¥D¡C¦ÓÂǵ۳o¼Ë¾ã­Ó²½Ämªº©Ê½è¤]§ïÅܹL¨Ó¤F¡T¡v (Ad Mellitum. Epist. LXXXI)


©ó¤½¤¸602 ¦~ÃB§Ú²¤±µÀò®³ªi¨½«°¤ºµS¤Ó¤H§ë¶D¡A¦]·í¦a±Ð·|¤H¤h¤zÂZ¥L­Ìªº©v±Ð¬¡°Ê¡C¥L©ó¬O­P«H·í¦a¥D±Ð¤Ú´µ¥[¡C

¡u¤Z¨ã¥¿¸Ûªº·N¦V¤Þ¾É±Ð¥~¤H«H¥õ°ò·þ©v±Ðªº¤H¤h¡AÀ³¾Ç²ßÂÔ·V·Å¨}¡A¤£¥i²Ê¼ÉÄY¼F¡A¥H§K¥L­Ì¾Ú²z¤Oª§ªººA«×¡A¤Ï¦Ó·|¤Þ°_¹ï¤è¤Ï·P ......¦p¤µ¨º¨Ç¦í¦b®³ªi¨½«°ªºµS¤Ó¤H¡A¦V§Ú­Ì§ë¶D»¡¡A¦³¤HµL²z¦aºÜ¤Oªý¤î¥L­ÌÁ|¦æ¥L­Ìªº¬Y¨Ç¸`¤é¡A¥O¥L­Ì¤£¯à¦Xªk¦a¼y¯¬¥L­Ì»P¥L­Ìªº¯ª¥ý­Ì¤@ª½¥H¨Ó³£¦b¼y¯¬ªº¼y¸`......¨Æ¹ê¤W¡A§Y¨Ï¸T¤î¥L­Ì¿í¦u¥L­Ìªº¥j¦Ñ²ß«U¡A³o¤]¦ó¯q¤§¦³¡H³o¬°¥L­ÌªºÂk¤Æ¡A«H¥õ¯u²z¡A¤S¦³¤°»ò¥Î©O¡H......§Ú­Ì¸Ó°µªº¬O¡G¨Ï¥L­Ì¬°§Ú­Ìªº²z©À©M·Å¨}©Ò·P¥l¡AÄ@·N¸òÀH§Ú­Ì¡A¦Ó¤£¬O°kÁקڭ̡A¨Ï§Ú­ÌÂǵۥL­Ìªº¸t¸g¦V¥L­Ìµý©ú§Ú­Ì©Ò»¡ªº¯u²z¡C¶ÈÄ@ÂǵۤѥDªº§U¦ö¡A§Ú­Ì¯à§â¥L­Ì¬Ô¨Ì¨ì·O¥À±Ð·|ªºÃh©ê¸Ì¡C¬G¦¹¡A¦b¤Ñ¥Dªº§U¦ö¤U¡A§A¥iÄU«j¥L­Ì¬Ô¨Ì¤½±Ð¡A¦ý¥H«áµ´¤£­ã¦A¤zÂZ¥L­ÌÁ|¦æªº¼y¨å¡F¬Û¤Ï¦a¡A­nÅý¥L­Ì¦Û¥Ñ¿í¦u¤Î¼y¯¬¥L­Ì©Ò¦³ªº¼y¨å»P¸`¤é¡A¤@¦p¥L­Ì¤@¦V©ÒÁ|¦æªº¡C¡v(Ad Paschasium Neapolitanum Episcopum. Liber XIII, Epist. XII)


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ÃB§Ú²¤±Ð©v³u©ó¤½¤¸604¦~¡C°£µÛ¥LªºÂ÷¥@¡A¼Ú¬w¥ç¶i¤J¤F¤@­Ó·s®É¥N¢w¢w ¤¤¥@¬ö¡CÃB§Ú²¤¥i»¡¬O§â¼Ú¬w¥Ñ¥j¥N±a¤J¤¤¥@¬öªº¥D­n¤Hª«¡A¥ç¬O¦è¤è±Ð·|¥v¤¤§â§Æþù°¨¦¡±Ð·|«¬ºAÂàÅܬ°Ã¹°¨¼w·N§Ó¦¡±Ð·|«¬ºA¤§¤¤¤¶¤H¡C¥L¥iºÙ¬°¤¤¥@¬ö±Ð·|»â¾Éªº¤@¨å½d¢w¢w Åã¥Ü¤F­Ó¤H¤è­±¹ïÁô­×¡BÆF­×¡B°@¸Ûªº¤º¦b«~¼w¡A¦Ó¥t¤@¤è­±Âǵ۫إߦæ¬F¬[ºc¨Ó»â¾É¤ÎºÞ²z±Ð·|¡B¾ã¹y¤Î¹Îµ²Ã¹°¨«Ò°ê¿ò¯d¤U¨Óªº»â°ì¤Î¤H¥Á¡B¶}©l¶°¦X¯«Åv¤Î¬FÅv©ó¤@¨­¡A¬°¥Lªº«áÄ~¤H¶}¤F¦b³o¤@¤è­±ªº¥ýªe¡C¥L¦b¦æ¬Fªí²{¤¤ÁöµM¥þ¯«§ë¤J¡A¥þ¤O¥H­u¡A¦ý¥L¤´µL§â­Ó¤HªºÆF©Ê­×¾i§Ñ±¼©ß±ó¡C¦b¾ú¥v¤¤¥i»P¥L·~ÁZ¬Û¤ñªº±Ð©vÁö¤j¦³¤H¦b¡A¦p¨}¤@¥@ (Leo I)¡BÃB§Ú²¤¤C¥@(Gregorius VII)¤Î¨Ì¿Õ¼WÀï¤T¥@(Innocens III)µ¥¡A¦ý¥H¤@­Ó¨å½dªº°ò·þ®{«~¼w¦Ó½×¡A¤jÃB§Ú²¤±Ð©v¤§¡u¤j¡v¡A«h¨ä¥L´X¦ì±Ð©v±æ¹Ð²ö¤Î¡C


¥D­n°Ñ¦Ò®ÑÄy (Main Reference)

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The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers - Second Series Vol. XII and XIII
T&T Clark Eerdmans
¡]¦¹®M®Ñ¬°¤W¦C¤§Patrologiae Cursus Completus -Migneªººë¿ï­^»yª©¡^
Iucunda Sane
±Ð©v§ÈÅ@¤Q¥@©ó1904¦~3¤ë12¤é¹{§G¬ö©À±Ð©v¤jÃB§Ú²¤¤§³q¿Ù
Encyclical of Pope St. Pius X promulgated on 12 March, 1904. 
Bede's Ecclesiastical History of England - A revised Translation with Introduction, Life and Notes
A.M.Sellar, George Bell and Sons,1907.
Church and State in Early Christianity
Hugo Rahner, Ignatius Press, San Francisco, 1992.
Civilization of the Middle Ages
Norman E. Cantor, Harper-Perennial, 1994.
The Conversion of Europe (From Paganism to Christianity 371-1386 AD)
Richard Fletcher, Fontana Press, 1997.
History and Christianity in Late Antiquity - From Augustine to Gregory the Great
R.A. Markus, Variorum Collected Studies Series, Ashgate Variorum, Reprinted 2002.
History of the Church 
Hubert Jedin, Editor. Burns & Oates London, 1980 English Translation in 10 volumes.
A History of the Middle Ages
Joseph Dahmus, Barnes and Noble Inc. 1995 Edition.
Lives of the Popes
Richard P. McBrien, Harper San Francisco, 1997.
The Popes - Histories and Secrets
Claudio Rendina, Seven Locks Press, 2002 English Translation.
The Rise of Christianity
W.H.C. Frend, Darton Longman & Todd 1986 Edition.
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