)Theology Annual vol.15 1994 p.119-134
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The author interprets Jn 17:4. The verse is found in Jesus' High-priestly prayer. Throughout the entire Gospel of John, nowhere does Jesus call Himself a high priest, nor does anyone else. On the contrary, the high priest is depicted as His enemy. Jn 17 is a prayer which Jesus as master made for Himself, for His disciples and friends. Jn 17:4 quite often escapes the notice of the readers. Getting closer to this verse, we find that it contains a beautiful expression of the incarnation mystery. The Son has glorified the Father by having completed the work which the Father has given to Him.
作者詮釋若17:4子光榮父。此節在所謂「大司祭的祈禱」內。但是，縱觀整部福音，耶穌從沒自稱為「大司祭」，別人也絕對沒有稱呼他為「大司祭」。反之，「大司祭」是耶穌的敵對者。因此，若17其實是師傅表白心跡的一篇祈禱文 ── 為自己、門徒及信友。若17:4經常給讀者「走漏眼」，細研之下，原來含蘊聖言降生成人的深奧 ── 以完成工作來光榮父。
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1. v.4 a I have glorified you {shown your
glory} on earth ()
2. b by
having completed the work (
)
3. c which
you have given me (
)
4. d that
I do it (
)
Jn17:4 presents the glorification of the Father by the
completion of the work of the Son. The aorist indicative (
)
means that the Son glorified the Father on earth (v.4a) by completing the
work ()
which the Father has given (
,
perf. indic) There is an aorist subjunctive (
)
which can have future implications. This leads to a problem about the point
which Jesus refused to an the completion of his work, viz., at the farewell
supper, on the cross, or in his post-resurrection/exaltation.
17:4 is put in the farewell discourse and it seems obvious
that the completion of the work of Jesus refers to his preaching and working of
signs before the farewell meal. However, the singular(
) does not mean all the individual works that Jesus has done but rather that his
whole life is a work. Moreover, when Jesus is crucified and he knows that all is
finished (
,19:28),
he says, ",(19:30).
Does this imply that the work was completed on the cross? Furthermore, the
participle (
)
has a variant reading, viz., the aorist indicative 
in
saying
clearly that the Son already completed the work.
Some exegetes state that the whole life of Jesus is the glorification of the Father while other scholars suggest the cross event is the glorification. Again, some scholars believe the foundation of the Church to be the glorification. This part deals with the glorification of the Father and investigates the different proposals of scholars.
V.4 starts
another theme by using the personal pronoun 
which emphasizes the glorification by Jesus. The direct object is se (2nd. pers.
acc. sg.) which has as its referents
,
(v.1);
(v.2); and , 
(v.5). 
(1st pers. sg. aor. ind. act.) is the predicate of the subject 
. The preposition 
which
is used with the genitive 
(gen. sg. f.), means on, upon, over a place or time. (1)
It is a participial clause dominated by the circumstantial
(adverbial) participle (2) (nom. sg. aor. act. part.) and the predicate
is
in v.4a. 
(acc. sg. n.) is the indirect object of in
v.4a.
(3)In the Old Testament, to work usually means to do or to
make. Specifically, it refers to the work of people in projects such as the
tabernacle, the temple, the furnishings of the tabernacle or temple, or the
walls of Jerusalem. Particularly, work is referred to the work of God. God's
work on the Sabbath is called 
.
In the New Testament, means
both activity and the products of activity. Simply, it means in secular Greek
work, task. The work of God is indicated in his creation and the maintenance of
all that exists. God's work presupposes human acceptance from which there emerge
God's redemption and revelation.
In Jn, there is the interconnection between the work of God and the work of Jesus. A fundamental reason for this interconnection between God's work and Jesus' work is the miraculous signs as an attestation of God through the mediator. Jesus does the work in the mutual indwelling of the Father in the Son and the Son in the Father (14:10f.).
in Jn17:4Some scholars who maintain the singular work of the Son presume that the whole life of Jesus is the glorification of the Father; on the other hand, scholars who insist that the work of Jesus is the cause of glorification underline the cross event.
The work in 17:4, is related to the salvation of the
people. It is a work, occupation or task of Jesus. The author of Jn uses a
singular which
underlines the unity of the work. In other words, it does not mention the
individual works but all the works as a whole. Some scholars assume that this
work is the whole life of Jesus. Bultmann insists that it is the revelatory work
of Jesus.(4) The realization of the work is commissioned by God through
the revealer Jesus and moreover, it is continued in the activity of the
disciples. The work given by the Father to the Son is completed on the cross.
Some of the exegetes see that the completion of the work
of Jesus is on the cross and this is the climax of his obedience to the Father.(5)
This is because the aorist participle is
closely linked with the perfect form 
in 19:30 which is the last word of Jesus before his death.
Other scholars underline the work as the revelation of the
Father (6): indicates
that Jesus glorified the Father in his work and it is also the manifestation of
the Father's glory. This revelation of the Father implies the unity between the
Father and the Son because Jesus has completed the work given by the Father.
The completion of the work given by the Father, implicitly expresses the obedience of the Son.(7) And the death of Jesus is the final completion of the work in his earthly life. It is also the revelation of the Father because Jesus expresses his absolute obedience on the cross.
In the entire Gospel, there are twenty-six phrases which
use the singular
or the plural 
.
Fifteen of them relate to the work(s) of Jesus: 4:34; 5:20, 36; 7:21; 9:3, 4;
10:25, 32, 37, 38; 14:10, 11, 12; 15:24; 17:4.(8) Within these fifteen phrases,
4:34 ( 
:
),
5:36 (
: 
)and
17:4 (
)
refer to the completion of the work of Jesus. Specifically, the singular
is used in 4:34 and 17:4 respectively which implies that the whole life of Jesus
is one unitary work. In other words, the whole life-purpose of Jesus is to
complete the work in order that he glorify the Father in the world. (9)We
will further investigate the meaning of
in the following section.
in 17:4
in 17:4Scholars do form different camps when they deal with the
meaning of
in 17:4. Generally, they connect 17:4 with 4:34, 13:1 and 19:28 in order to
elaborate on the attitude of Jesus in his work, especially, Jesus' completion of
his work on the cross (19:28). The work of Jesus is intertwined with the
glorification of the Father. This glorification is the aim of his work
throughout his earthly life. Specifically, the aorist
implies a historical event. The attitude of Jesus is to accomplish the work that
the Father has given; moreover, he completes the work in love and obedience. The
author does not use an aorist which describes gifts regarded as given by the
Father to the Son on his coming into the world to proclaim the Gospel. The
perfect 
indicates the work as having been given to the Son and as now belonging to him.
The Son realizes the 
by completing the work from the Father.
The prefatory participle used by the author of Jn is to
prepare the readers for some especially solemn utterance or act of Christ. The
participle
looks back upon the completed life of Jesus.(10)
(11)The non-biblical usage of 
is
to make. In the participial form,
means to bring to completeness or wholeness. Moreover, it also comprises the
meanings of fulfil, obey, observe, meet the requirements of and bring to pass a
prediction.
In the Old Testament, the idea of completeness lies close
to the idea of fullness (
).
In the LXX, the verb means to make perfect, e.g., "the beauty of Tyre"
(Ez.27:11; 
).
means
to fulfil and to carry out in the New Testament. Among the twenty-three
occurrences of 
in
the New Testament, nine are found in the Johannine writings (five in Jn, four in
1Jn).
is a causative verb and it is used as complete, being to an end, place in a
certain (final) condition, make complete/perfect and to fulfil.
In the context of Jn, when is
applied to Jesus, it means that Jesus carries out the work of salvation,
preaches the deeds which are given by the Father. Particularly, he completes the
works in order to glorify the Father (17:4). 5:36 focuses on the individual
works of Jesus and 17:4 underlines the unitary work of Jesus' whole life.
in 17:4In Jn, the completion of the work of Jesus is mentioned in
4:34 
;
5:36 
;
and 17:4( ).
In 17:4, the author uses the explanatory 
which is used for the infinitive with the aorist subjunctive (12).
Together with the final subordinating use of ,
the infinitive may be thought of as expressing a direction or goal.(13)
This direction or goal should be best explained as the cross event in which the 
of 19:28, 30 is used.(14)
Let us see the four verbs in v.4:
|
|
(1st. pers. sg. aor. indic. act.) |
I glorified |
|
|
(sg. m. aor. act. part.) |
having completed |
|
|
(2nd. pers. sg. perf. act. indic.) |
you have given |
|
|
(1st. pers. sg. aor. act. subj.) |
I do |
is
aor. indic. which means a past event. Jesus glorified the Father already. Jesus
glorified the Father by having completed the work which the Father has given (perf.,
temporal anticipation). The singular 
is a collective word for works which points to the work. The obedient Son
completes the work to the end, even though he dies on the cross.
The relative pronoun 
(nom. sg. n.) refers to the accusative
in v.4b. 
(2nd. pers. sg. perf. ind. act.) has its referent as the accusative 
in v.4a. The subject of this predicate is understood as 
in v.1. The direct object is 
(1st. pers. sg. dat.) which refers the Son.
(15)
is an indicator of the linguistic level of a final sense (purpose, aim, goal -
in order that). The mood is generally in the subjunctive. When
is used with a subjunctive, it implies not only after a primary tense, but also
after a secondary tense. There is a large number of
clauses in the Johannine literature (145 in Jn). Jn expresses purpose when he
uses
which is in contrast to Lk who prefers an equivalent infinitive construction. In
17:4, the
clause is a final clause of v.4c and it refers to a specific goal. 
(1st. pers. aor. subj. act.) is the subject of v.4d and it has its referent moi
in v.4c. With ,
it is translated as to do.
of 17:4 is reminiscent of that of 4:34 and the aorist indicative 
of 2:11.
in 4:34Bultmann insists that Jesus the Revealer is inferior to the one who sent, and Jesus' life is to serve in his ministry. The service is to referred as his food; it means that he has come not only for this service, but indeed through this service.(16)
Schnackenburg maintains that Jesus in portrayed as
obedient in 4:34. The decisive element in his act of redemption is the
dedication of his will, his obedience towards God, which dominates his whole
life and culminates in the sacrificial offering of his body. 
seems to bring out the idea of the fulfilment of the divine task of redemption,
which is completed to the end (17:4, 19:30).
The singular
means the whole work which Jesus has to do on earth and it is distinguished from
the individual works which he has to accomplish. The singular work signifies the
whole life of Jesus on earth.(17)
Morris asserts that the work that Jesus does is not only a
human work but also a divine work, because he does what the one, who sends him,
wants. The aorist subjunctive 
corresponds
to 19:30 in which Jesus says that it is completed. Morris also believes that the
author of Jn elaborates a deeper sense in which nothing is more complete than
the cross.(18)
The text itself expresses clearly that the whole life (food) of Jesus is to complete the work and to do the will of the one who sends him.
v.34 a 
b 
c 
d 
The subject of
v.34a is 
and the object is 
which refers to the 
in 4:33. The predicate 
(3rd. pers. sg. pres. act. indic.) is a response to the disciples' question in
v.33. 
of v.34b is an emphatic expression in order to stress what the food (
)
of Jesus is (
).
Then v.34cd are explanatory clauses of the food of Jesus. The two aorist
subjunctives
and 
are the two predicates of v.34cd respectively. 
of
v.34c has its referent
in
v.34b. 
and
are the two direct objects of .
is a genitive participial phrase of
which
is identified with the genitive 
.
These two genitives refer to
.
There are some words of v.34cd which are similar to the
words of 17:4, i.e., ,
and
. In this verse, Jesus says that his food is to do the will of the one who sent
me and to complete his work. Jesus says that his food is to complete the work of
God because the disciples ask whether someone brought him food. As food is a
necessary material for continuing life, Jesus' answer signifies that his life is
to complete the work which the sending one gives.
andare
aorist subjunctives which imply that doing the will of God is equivalent to
completing his work.(19)
As a result, 
in 4:34 means that Jesus' whole life is to do the will of the one who sends him
and the intention of Jesus is to complete the Father's work. Referring to 
of 19:30, scholars relate
of 4:34 to the cross event. The death of Jesus makes the completion irrevocable.
in 2:11v.11 a 
b 
c
Schnackenburg states that the sign in Cana reveals the glory of Jesus and leads those whose faith is ready to a deeper understanding of the person of Jesus. Moreover, Schnackenburg emphasizes that the revelation of the glory of Jesus can be seen through believing eyes. As a means of Jesus' self revelation, the sign has the same force as his words, and as appears from the great miracles that will come later. 2:11 is a programmatic statement of what the signs essentially are and should be: the unveiling of the glory of the Word made flesh (1:14), of the Son of man who dwells on earth and remains linked with heaven. And it is a glory which can be grasped in faith and can thus lead to full faith in Jesus, the Messiah and Son of God (20:31). The glory which Jesus possesses and manifests on earth must be taken as the effect of his divine and heavenly glory, which he had before the creation of the world. (20)
Bultmann observes that 2:11 is not simply investigating the miraculous event, but through the whole of Jesus' ministry, Jesus reveals his glory. As a revealer, Jesus is finally visible after the completion of his work.(21)
Morris focuses on the believing of the disciples. The glory of Jesus is revealed to some and hidden from others. The disciples believe in him because they see his glory in the sign through their believing eyes. (22)
After having observed different aspects of
in
2:11, we put this aorist indicative in syntactic analysis.
is kataphoric to the object of v.11a, 
(gen. pl. n.). The subject of the predicate
(3rd. pers. sg. aor. act. indic.) of v.11a is understood in 11b:
. 
(acc. sg. f.) has its referent.
(gen.
sg. f.) is the indirect object of .
The predicate 
(3rd. pers. sg. aor. act. indic.) of v.11c has its referent as
in v.11b. 
(acc. sg. f.) is the direct object of v.11c and 
refers to
of v.11b. The subject of v.11d is
and its predicate is 
(3rd. pers. pl. aor. act. indic.)
is related to the accusative personal pronoun
and the genitive
refers to
in v.11b.
Precisely, in 2:11, the author indicates that Jesus did the first sign in Cana to manifest his glory, and as a result, his disciples believed in him. In other words, there is a connection between the working of signs and the manifestation of the glory of Jesus.
Consequently,
in 2:11 focuses on the glorification of the
Son. The working of the first sign or other signs is not only the expression of
the power of God, but the revelation of the glory of God. Secondly, the purpose
of the work of signs, obviously, is to make the disciples believe in Jesus the
Son of God. In other words, the work of Jesus glorifies (reveals) God the Father
and the Son, indeed, the work itself also establishes the foundation of the
Church .
in 17:4 
is closely
related to
which we have discussed in
v.4b. However, the work given by the Father to the Son may not require him to
complete it. The Son can choose to accomplish the work partially or completely.
In other words, is this 
clause
together with the aorist subjuctive 
complementary or an expression of purpose?(23)
as a purpose clauseAs we have mentioned in the syntactic analysis of v.4d,
John custom is to express purpose with a
clause. If
is used with a
subjunctive, it is generally defined as a purpose (final) clause. (24)Therefore, the
clause in 17:4 implies that the work
is given to Jesus with the intention that he should do it. Moreover, there are
three aspects of an aorist subjunctive: punctiliar, ingressive and complexive(25).
Within a
final clause, the aorist
subjunctive is used as an infinitive(26). In other words,
in 17:4 is neither punctiliar nor
complexive, but ingressive. An ingressive aspect of an aorist subjunctive
expresses a sense of continuity. This continuity points out the final purpose of
the action: he should do.
as complement of a verbWhen an infinitive is used as a complement of a verb,
means that the work given to Jesus consists in
the doing. In other words, the work consists in the fulfilment of the Father's
will (also cf. 5:34)(27). A. Vanhoye compares
of 17:4 with 
of 5:36. Grammatically, Vanhoye asserts that of 5:36 is a purpose clause because there is a
complementary 
as an object of .
However,
of 17:4 has
no complement and it is the complement of 
.(28) Moreover,
in the context of 17:4, Vanhoye believes that the completion of the work of
Jesus is in his passion. The passion of Jesus is the purpose of his work in
which the Father is revealed by the Son, and conversely, the Son by the Father
because they are in a union of love. In this case, is also a complement of the
passion.(29) However, according to the definition in BDF, a complement of a verb is
also a purpose clause.
Thus, to summarize this part,
in Jn17:4 can be seen from two
aspects, either a purpose clause or a complement of a verb. If
is a purpose clause, Jesus is obliged to do the
work given by the Father until the completion of the work in order that he can
thoroughly glorify the Father. If
is a complement, it means that
the work given to Jesus already consists in the doing. However, it is difficult
to distinguish between the two hypotheses because both of them consist of the
expression as a purpose clause. Moreover, in the context of 17:4, the
participial clause 
points out that the Son glorifies the Father by the completion of the work. This
completion is to do the work given by the Father. Therefore, it implies a
purpose: to do and complete the work. As a result, the Son intends to do the
work as the glorification of the Father and, the work given to Jesus already
consists in the doing. The fulfilment of the Father's will is the purpose of the
Son.
The personal pronoun 
starts another theme in the context of vv.1-5.
emphasizes the glorification of the Father by the
completion of the work of Jesus. Particularly in Jn, there is an interconnection
between the works of God and the works of Jesus in which the working of signs
and wonders is attributed to God by the Son as the mediator.
The author of Jn uses a singular
which does not imply the individual works but the work as a whole in Jesus'
life. In other words, the whole life of Jesus is the work. This work is regarded
is the salvation of humankind.
Some exegetes see the completion of the work of Jesus as
his death on the cross by relating
of 17:4 to 
of 19:30. Others
underline the revelatory aspect of the work while they throw light on the aorist
indicative 
.
However, both of them express the obedience of the Son to the Father. In Jesus'
death, he really and completely finishes his work and in this work, he glorifies
the Father in the sense of revealing the Father to the world.
points
out the attitude of Jesus when he does the work which the Father has given. To
complete the work unto death expresses love of and obedience to the Father. The
perfect 
indicates that the work
as having been given to the Son and as now belonging to him. This prefatory
participle draws the attention of the readers to this solemn act of Christ. In
the context of Jn, 
means that
Jesus carries out the work of salvation and is best explained by the cross event because of its semantic connection with
in 19:28, 30.
When
is used
with a subjunctive, it implies a purpose.
expresses the goal of the work of
Jesus. This
clause of 17:4 is
reminiscent of 4:34 and 2:11. Specifically,
of 17:4 finds its exact
repetition in 4:34. In 4:34, the author uses 
to elaborate the whole life
of Jesus. His whole life is to complete the work which the sending one gives.
The two aorist subjunctives,
and imply that doing the will of
God is equivalent to the completion of his work. Bultmann insists that the whole
life of Jesus is to serve. Schnackenburg maintains that Jesus is portrayed as
obedient in 4:34. He proposes that the decisive element in redemption is the
dedication of his will to God. Finally,
in 4:34 means that the whole life
of Jesus is to do the will of the one who sends him and his attitude towards the
work is to complete it. Referring to
of 19:30, scholars relate
of
4:34 to the cross event because the death of Jesus makes the completion of the
work irrevocable.
In Jn2:11, Schnackenburg and Bultmann believe that the working of signs reveals the glory of Jesus and Morris maintains that the working of signs is for the belief of the community.
Indeed,
in 2:11 focuses on the glorification of the Son
and its purpose is to make the disciples believe in Jesus the Son of God.
in 17:4 may be investigated as a
purpose clause of v.4c or a complement of the verb .
In fact, we cannot exclude either of the investigations because they point out
the functions of v.4d as the final clause of v.4c and a complement of .
Consequently, the completion of the work of Jesus is the revelation of the Father by his whole life, and his obedient death makes the work completely irrevocable. When the Father is revealed to the disciples who are able to see the glory of God, it is the glorification of God the Father and the Son.
|
Cf. BDF, 122, #234; BAGD, 286;
EDNT 2 (1991) 21. Regarding
the meaning of |
|
|
Cf. BDF, 215, #417. |
|
|
Dealing with the lexical analysis of |
|
|
BULTMANN R., Johannes, 199-200. |
|
|
Cf. ch. one, II. B. 3. |
|
|
See ch. one, II. B. 1. |
|
|
Cf. ch. one, II. A. 2. |
|
|
Cf. CKNTG, 683, #169. |
|
|
See BROWN R.E., John (AncB 29), 527: "The Concept of 'work' in John is wider than that of miracles; in xvii 4 Jesus can sum up his whole ministry as a work. No only are Jesus' miracles works; his words are works too." |
|
|
For the general aspect of |
|
|
For the lexical meaning of |
|
|
Another understanding of |
|
|
Cf. BDF, 201, #393. |
|
|
Cf. GAEBELEIN A.C., John, 315: "it means the finished
work on the cross. If He meant the finished work, His death, how could He speak
thus, when that work was still unfinished? We must remember that elsewhere in
this prayer He speaks of being 'no longer in the world' yet He was still here.
In anticipation He looks onward beyond the cross. He knew His work could never
fail, that it would be finished, and therefore He gives expression to it in the
presence of the Father and for the comfort of His own." See also BARRETT
C.K., St John, 504: "the participle should be translated 'by finishing the
work ...' The Son glorifies the Father by his complete obedience and faithful
fulfillment of his task. |
|
|
For the analysis of |
|
|
BULTMANN R., Johannes, 143: "Dieser immer wieder
betonte Gedanke soll die Offenbarung als Gottes Handeln beschreiben: der
Offenbarer ist nichts fur sich;
er ist 'gesandt', und sein Leben und Wirken ist ein Dienst. Und wenn dieser
Dienst hier (v.32, 34) als seine Speise bezeichnet wird, so ist dadurch gesagt,
|
|
|
SCHNACKENBURG R., Johannesevangelium
vol.1, 480-481:
"Das Erlosungstat besteht in der Willenshingabe, im Gehorsam gengen Gott,
der sein ganzes Leben erfullt
und in der Opferung seines Leihes gipfelt. Ahnlich sagt Jesus in dieser Stunde seinen
jungern, |
|
|
MORRIS L., John, 277-278. Likewise, CARSON D.A., John, 228-229, agrees with Morris that Jesus completes his work on the cross. Moreover, he especially emphasizes the connection between 17:4 and 4:34. |
|
|
See also BARRETT C.K., St John, 241: "The ministry of Jesus has no significance apart from the will of the Father; it is not the independent achievement of humanity but the fruit of submission." |
|
|
SCHNACKENBURG R., Johannesevangelium
vol.1, 338-340:
"Das in Kana Geschehene ist ein Zeichen, das die |
|
|
BULTMANN R., Johannes, 83: "Fur den Evglisten erschopft sich der Sinn der Geschichte nicht in dem
wunderbaren Ereignis; dieses, bzw. die Erzahlung, ist fur ihn Symbol dessen, was sich im ganzen Wirken Jesu
ereignet, der Offenbarung der |
|
|
MORRIS L., John, 186. Also see BARRETTE C.K., St John, 193: "It is implied that the disciples believed because of the manifestation of the glory of Jesus in the sign." |
|
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Cf. VANHOYE A., L'oeuvre du Christ, don du Pere. Jn5:36 et 17:4, in RSR 48 (1960) 377-419. |
|
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Cf. BDF, 197, #390: "In the NT it has become common again in a wide sphere with a variety of verbs of motion, and is the equivalent of a final clause." |
|
|
Cf. BDF, 174, #337. |
|
|
See ibid, 196, #388: "analytical constructions with
|
|
|
Cf. BDF, 199, #392: "The infinitive as complement of
a verb borders closely on the infinitive of purpose and result. (1) it is used
with verbs meaning 'to wish, strive, avoid, ask, summon, make, allow, permit,
hinder, be able, have power', .... Rev3:9 ( |
|
|
VANHOYE A., Christ, 381: "Cependent, une legere diffe-rnece
entre les deux textes fait qu'elle ne convient pas aussi bien a l'un qu' a l'autre: en5:36 - nous l'avons note plus haut, - le verbe introduit par |
|
Ibid., 419: "On peut y reconnaitre l'importance du verbe
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網頁製作：聖神修院圖書館
, cf. the
exegesis of v.1.
und 
, also der Vollzug der
der Vater nun
seinerseits den Sohn verherrlichen moge. Unter diesem Gedanken ist das Kreuzesgeschehen in das Werk,
das der Sohn in Gehorsam und Liebe gegen den Vater (vgl.10:18; 14:31) vollbracht
hat, einzubeziehen. Aber daraus darf man nicht folgern, 
ist." Also see BERNARD J.H.,
St John Vol.II, 563; BARRETT C.K., St John, 504; MURRAY J.O.F., St
John,
294-295; GAEBELEIN A.C., John, 315; CADMAN W.H., Heaven, 209.
, in
EDNT 3 (1993) 344-345;
GUNDRY R.H., Fulfil, in ISBE 2 (1982) 366-369; DELLING G., 
scheint diesen Gedanken nur zu variieren, vielleicht um noch starker die sich bis zum Ende durchhaltende
Erfullung des gottlichen Erlosungsauftrags auszudrocken (vgl.17:4; 19:30, hier aber
meint das gesamte auf Erden von Jesus auszurichtende 'Werk' und ist von den
, den einzelnen von ihm zu
vollbringenden Werken, zu unterscheiden."
Jesu enthullt, und
fuhrt die Glaubenswilligen
(die Junger) zu einem tieferen
Verstandnis der Person Jesu
.... Das 'Zeichen' offenbart Jesu 'herrlichkeit', aber nur denjenigen, die es
mit glaubigen Augen schauen. Als Mittel der Selbstoffenbarung Jesu tritt es
vollberechtigt neben seine Worte und wird, wie sich bei den spateren Grobwundern
zeigt .... So sind die drei
Satzchen in 2:11 eine
exemplarische Darstellung, was die 'Zeichen' ihrem Wesen nach sind und sein
sollen: eine Enthullung der 'herrlichkeit'
des fleischgewordenen Logos (vgl.1:14), des auf Erden weilenden, mit dem Himmel
verbundenen 'menschensohnes' (vgl.1:51), die man im Glauben erfassen kann, um so
den vollen Glauben 'an Jesus', den Messias und Gottessohn (20:31), zu gewinnen
.... Die 
(17:5)." Likewise, CARSON D.A., John,
175, also stresses the sign is the revelation of Jesus' glory: "His glory
would be revealed in greatest measure in his cross, resurrection and exaltation,
but every step along the course of his ministry was an adumbration of that
glory."
have developed into serious rivals of the infinitive. The following picture
obtains for the NT: what can be interpreted as intended or probable result is
expressed to a great extent by 
, cf. 13:12, 15F."
, tandis qu'en
17:4, le berbe introduit par 
)
n'a pas de complement pres de
lui. Dans ce dernier verset, le relatif o est donc a considerer
comme etant le complement de 
, l'allusion
a la Passion contenue dans 
et y retrouver cette doctrine essentielle que l'oeuvre du salut des
hommes est realisee par le Pere en son Fils, par le fils en son Pere, qu'elle revele ainsi
leur union dans l'amor et y introduit ceux qui s'ouvrent a la foi."